The 2025 Pahalgam attack was an attack on non-Muslim tourists by five armed militants near Pahalgam in the Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in which 26 civilians were killed on 22 April 2025. The militants mainly targeted Hindu tourists, though a Christian tourist and a local Muslim were also killed in the attack. The attackers, armed with M4 carbines and AK-47s, entered the tourist spot in Baisaran Valley surrounded by dense pine forests. This incident is considered the deadliest attack on civilians in India since the 2008 Mumbai attacks.

The Resistance Front (TRF), believed to be an offshoot of Pakistan-based Islamist terrorist group Lashkar-e-Taiba, initially claimed responsibility for the attack. TRF released a statement that the attack was in opposition to non-local settlement in the region resulting from the abolition of the special status of Kashmir. Four days later, they retracted their claim of responsibility. Previously, TRF has claimed responsibility for several terrorist attacks in Kashmir.

The militants singled out the men and asked for their religion before shooting the Hindu and Christian tourists. The attackers also asked some tourists to recite the Islamic kalima, a Muslim declaration of faith, to identify non-Muslims. Of the 26 people killed, 25 were tourists, and one was a local Muslim pony ride operator who tried to wrestle a gun from the attackers. The tourists included several newlywed couples, and the men were shot point-blank in front of their wives.

The attack further intensified tensions between India and Pakistan and led to a standoff that eventually turned into skirmishes between two countries . India accused Pakistan of supporting cross-border terrorism and suspended the Indus Waters Treaty, expelled Pakistani diplomats and closed borders. Pakistan denied India's accusations and retaliated by suspending the Simla Agreement, restricting trade, and closing airspace. Further, India closed its airspace to Pakistani airlines, banned all imports from Pakistan, and prohibited Pakistani ships from entering its ports. On 7 May India launched airstrikes on Pakistan targeting terrorist camps.